In Visualforce we used <apex:inputField value="{!account.name}"/>
to get the html-input together with the right label (respecting transaltions, overrides, etc.)
Now in Lightnig is see a very verbose notation in the examples setting the label manually hardcoded like that:
<ui:inputText aura:id="client"
label="Client"
class="form-control"
value="{!v.newExpense.Client__c}"
placeholder="ABC Co."
/>
Is there a way to populate the labels dynamically like in VF?
The expression which works in Visualforce like this
{!$ObjectType.Account.fields.Name.Label}
seems not to work but brings up only empty-results in the markup of a Lightning Component. However you can save the markup containing the expression without any error.