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Try this

Component:

<aura:component >
    <aura:attribute name="text" type="String" default="Enter your name here.."/>
    <div style="position:relative;" class="slds-size_1-of-4">
        <lightning:input type="text" label="Name" name="nameInput"/>
        <lightning:helptext content="{!v.text}" iconName="utility:info" class="popover"/>
    </div>
</aura:component>

Style:

.THIS .popover {
    position: absolute;
    left: 14%;
    bottom: 65%;
}

You can add your own style to align the helptext component wherever you want.