Testing triggers with future methods

Question

According to my functionality: insert and update calls a trigger that invokes future methods. In my test case, I need to test the update functionality. In order to test the update functionality, I need to first insert the account with appropriate fields. Because of this, the 'after insert' trigger invokes a future method. After this, I am making an 'update' that invokes another future method. Since in one test case , there will be two future methods that will be invoked as a result of 'after insert' and 'update' trigger , How do I test this ? The below function throws an error that seems like invoking 2 future inside a single test case didn't work properly.

Please let me know how I can test this , where am I making mistake ?

Thanking you in advance.

@isTest static void updateOrd(){
    Account parentAcc = new Account(name = 'Parent Test Account', 
                                    External_Id__c = 'abcd123ee');
    Test.startTest();
    Test.setMock(HttpCalloutMock.class, new MockHttpChildResponseGenerator()); 
    Account childAcc = new Account(name = 'Test Account', Active__c = true');
    insert childAcc;
    childAcc.Active__c = false;
    Test.setMock(HttpCalloutMock.class, new MockHttpDeactivateResponseGenerator()); 
    update childAcc;
    Test.stopTest();
    Account updatedChildAcnt = [SELECT External_Id__c from Account where External_Id__c =:'abcd123ee'];
    System.assertNotEquals(updatedChildAcnt.Active__c, false);
}

Answer 1

I could see this being an issue with your testing approach more than anything. Do you want to test the insert, or do you want to test the update? You're currently doing both inside of Test.startTest() and Test.stopTest() which is where you cause the error to happen. If you move the insert outside of start and stop test you can start your test under new transaction limits. Most likely you want two unit tests here, one for insert and another for update.

@isTest static void updateOrd(){
    Account parentAcc = new Account(name = 'Parent Test Account', 
                                    External_Id__c = 'abcd123ee');
    Test.setMock(HttpCalloutMock.class, new MockHttpChildResponseGenerator()); 
    Account childAcc = new Account(name = 'Test Account', Active__c = true);
    insert childAcc;
    
    /* transaction limits reset, controlled by Test.startTest() and Test.stopTest() */
    Test.startTest();
    
    childAcc.Active__c = false;
    Test.setMock(HttpCalloutMock.class, new MockHttpDeactivateResponseGenerator()); 
    update childAcc;

    Test.stopTest();

    Account updatedChildAcnt = [SELECT External_Id__c from Account where External_Id__c =:'abcd123ee'];
    System.assertNotEquals(updatedChildAcnt.Active__c, false);
}