You can query against FieldDefinition and utilize SOQL and the Tooling API.
To get fields that have Field History enabled, you can use SOQL.
SELECT QualifiedApiName FROM FieldDefinition
WHERE EntityDefinition.QualifiedApiName = 'Account' AND IsFieldHistoryTracked = true
This will output all the fields that have field history enabled on the given object.
To get what the question is specifically asking for, fields enabled for Feed tracking, you need to use the Tooling API. This is within the Metadata
field of FieldDefinition and is accessible if only one row is returned in the query.
Below is an endpoint tested in Workbench REST Explorer
/services/data/v48.0/tooling/query/?q=SELECT+Metadata+FROM+FieldDefinition+WHERE+EntityDefinition.QualifiedApiName='Account'+AND+QualifiedApiName='Name'
The return looks like the following - what you care about is trackFeedHistory
{
"size" : 1,
"totalSize" : 1,
"done" : true,
"queryLocator" : null,
"entityTypeName" : "FieldDefinition",
"records" : [ {
"attributes" : {
"type" : "FieldDefinition",
"url" : "/services/data/v48.0/tooling/sobjects/FieldDefinition/Account.Name"
},
"Metadata" : {
"businessOwnerGroup" : null,
....//took out a bunch of fields
"summaryOperation" : null,
"trackFeedHistory" : true,
"trackHistory" : true
}
} ]
}