To enable the disabled elements you need to either remove the disabled attribute and hide the linens in a div that is not rendered initially, then when you call the reject method see a public Boolean property that would be set to true to then display the div, or bind the disabled attribute to that same public Boolean property and rerender the div. That way the platform is doing the heavy lifting. The second solution is closer to your original code posted
<apex:actionRegion>
<apex:commandlink value="Reject" action="{!Reject}" reRender="none">
</apex:commandlink>
</apex:actionRegion>
<br/>
<apex:outputPanel id="none" rendered="{!controllerVariableSetToTrueOnLinkCLicked}">
<apex:selectList value="{!selValue}" multiselect="false" size="1" Id="selId" onchange="enableTxt('{!$Component.selId}','{!$Component.textInput}');">
</apex:selectList><p/>
<apex:inputText id="textInput" value="{!rejReason}" onchange="enableBtn('{!$Component.textInput}','{!$Component.btnid}');" />
<apex:commandButton action="{!Save}" value="Send" >
</apex:commandButton>
</apex:outputPanel>
OR
<apex:actionRegion>
<apex:commandlink value="Reject" action="{!Reject}" reRender="none">
</apex:commandlink>
</apex:actionRegion>
<br/>
<apex:outputPanel id="none" >
<apex:selectList value="{!selValue}" multiselect="false" size="1" disabled="{!controllerVariableSetToTrueOnLinkCLicked}" Id="selId" onchange="enableTxt('{!$Component.selId}','{!$Component.textInput}');">
</apex:selectList><p/>
<apex:inputText id="textInput" value="{!rejReason}" disabled="{!controllerVariableSetToTrueOnLinkCLicked}" onchange="enableBtn('{!$Component.textInput}','{!$Component.btnid}');" />
<apex:commandButton action="{!Save}" value="Send" disabled="{!controllerVariableSetToTrueOnLinkCLicked}" >
</apex:commandButton>
</apex:outputPanel>