I've found that you can only retrieve that using the RequestParameter() AMPScript function.
Here's an example:
<script type="text/javascript" runat="server">
Platform.Load("core", "1.1.1");
// other code
</script>
%%[
set @oneClickUnsubscribe = RequestParameter("oneClickUnsubscribe")
]%%
<script type="text/javascript" runat="server">
var oneClickUnsubscribe = Variable.GetValue("@oneClickUnsubscribe");
// other code
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" runat="server">
Platform.Load("core", "1.1.1");
// other code
</script>
%%[
set @oneClickUnsubscribe = RequestParameter("oneClickUnsubscribe")
]%%
<script type="text/javascript" runat="server">
var oneClickUnsubscribe = Variable.GetValue("@oneClickUnsubscribe");
// other code
</script>